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東華大學(xué)環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院高品副教授團(tuán)隊(duì)研究了污泥堆肥中的微塑料及其應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)后在土壤中的去向，相關(guān)成果發(fā)表于Environmental Science & Technology（IF=7.149）。

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Abstract

The widespread application of sewage sludge produced from wastewater treatment plants for agricultural use has been regarded as a primary source of microplastics (MPs) into soils. However, little is known regarding MPs in sludge-based fertilizers and their relevant fate in soils as being applied in agriculture. We comprehensively investigated the abundance, polymer size, type, and morphology of MPs in dewatered sludge, sewage sludge composts, sludge-based fertilizer-amended soils, and earthworms by stereoscopy and micro Fourier transform infrared (μ-FTIR) spectrometry methods. The results clearly showed that the quantity of MPs in soils exhibited a close correlation with the application rate of sludge-based fertilizers. The total abundances of MPs were 545.9 and 87.6 items/kg in soils after annual amendment with 30 (field A) and 15 t/ha (field B) of sludge composts, which is significantly higher than that without compost application (field C, 5.0 items/kg). Correspondingly, MPs were found in earthworms with low quantities of 1.8 and 0.4 items/individual in fields A and B, respectively, while no MP was detected in field C. We speculate that sludge composts may act as a vehicle of MPs into soils and then enter soil biota and in turn influence the spread of MPs in the environment.

污水處理廠產(chǎn)生的污水和污泥廣泛應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，被認(rèn)為是微塑料（MPs）進(jìn)入土壤的主要來(lái)源。但是，對(duì)于污泥堆肥中的微塑料及其應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)后在土壤中的去向還知之甚少。本研究通過立體鏡和微傅里葉變換紅外光譜法（μ-FTIR），全面研究了脫水污泥、污泥堆肥、施用污泥堆肥的土壤和蚯蚓中微塑料的豐度、大小、類型和形態(tài)。結(jié)果表明，土壤中微塑料的含量與污泥堆肥的施用量密切相關(guān)。施用30 t/ha（A試驗(yàn)田）和15 t/ha（B試驗(yàn)田）污泥堆肥后，土壤中微塑料的總豐度分別為545.9個(gè)/kg和87.6個(gè)/kg，顯著高于未施用堆肥（C試驗(yàn)田，5.0個(gè)/kg）土壤中的微塑料總豐度。相應(yīng)地，在A試驗(yàn)田和B試驗(yàn)田的蚯蚓體內(nèi)也發(fā)現(xiàn)了少量微塑料，分別為1.8個(gè)/條和0.4個(gè)/條，而在C試驗(yàn)田中未檢測(cè)到。本研究推測(cè)微塑料可能是通過污泥堆肥進(jìn)入土壤，隨后進(jìn)入土壤中的生物群，進(jìn)而對(duì)環(huán)境中微塑料的傳播產(chǎn)生影響。

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