The Nassau County Department of Public Works owns and operates the 70-mgd Bay Park Wastewater Treatment Plant (BPWWTP), which was heavily damaged during Hurricane Sandy. When faced with rebuilding the facility, the County decided to capitalize on the opportunity and proactively prepare the plant for anticipated future nitrogen removal requirements.

As part of the recovery and rebuild efforts, the County turned to Hazen and Sawyer to assist with evaluating and demonstrating innovative technologies that would enable the facility to achieve nitrogen removal in the most efficient way possible. While conventional methods were considered, a comprehensive process evaluation identified sidestream treatment as a promising alternative.

In this approach, a novel biological process called deammonification would be utilized to biologically remove approximately 10% of the total nitrogen at the BPWWTP. Deammonification is an emerging process that can reduce the cost of wastewater treatment for many facilities, enabling an approximately 63% reduction of theoretical O2 requirements, an approximately 100% reduction of supplemental carbon requirements, and a significant reduction in biomass handling requirements when compared to removal through a mainstream activated sludge process.

A cost evaluation conducted as part of our research indicated that the BPWWTP would observe potential savings of approximately $1 million per year using deammonification by avoiding supplemental carbon and aeration costs.

Technology Alternatives and Selection

Presently, there are three main technology options for equipment related to performing sidestream deammonification.

After a careful consideration of the available technologies, the DEMON™ process was selected for piloting at the BPWWTP. The DEMON™ process employs a sequencing batch reactor configuration, coupled with a hydrocyclone, for the selective wasting of nitrite oxidizing bacteria and the retention of anaerobic oxidizing bacteria (Anammox). The Anammox bacteria are the main biological catalysts behind the deammonificiation process.

The reactors are filled from a filtrate/centrate equalization tank and operated in batch mode. Aeration is followed by mixing and then sedimentation. The effluent is then decanted from the sequential batch reactor. Each cycle (fill, reaction, settle, withdraw) is repeated approximately three times per day.

DEMON Pilot Testing and Results

Hazen and Sawyer, in collaboration with World Water Works and Nassau County, piloted the DEMON™ process at the BPWWTP from August to November 2013.

Start-up of the system was accomplished within 20 days to meet 80% removal of influent ammonia, and this high level of performance was maintained for the duration of the pilot. Additionally, no supplemental alkalinity or carbon was required, demonstrating that the sidestream deammonification process is a viable, cost-effective strategy for nitrogen reduction at the BPWWTP.

As a result of the success of this piloting effort, we are currently working on a full-scale design of a sidestream deammonification system for BPWWTP using the DEMON technology.

Future Applications

Even though the deammonification process is an emerging technology, opportunities for process optimization are already being explored. As part of the Bay Park project, Hazen and Sawyer, in collaboration with Manhattan College researchers, developed and utilized an Anammox-specific activity assay. This assay, which tracks anammox activity during periods of both high and low activity and can be applied to other deammonification systems to compare results, represents a simple and effective strategy that can be used to directly monitor the health of the Anammox bacteria in the deammonification process. It also provides the industry with a first step toward diagnosing and solving process instabilities that can arise from dynamic full-scale operation of deammonification systems.


公共工程的拿騷縣部門擁有并運(yùn)營著70 MGD灣園污水處理廠（BPWWTP），這是在嚴(yán)重颶風(fēng)桑迪破壞。當(dāng)面對重建基金，縣決定利用這一機(jī)會，積極準(zhǔn)備廠預(yù)期未來脫氮的要求。 由于部分恢復(fù)，重建的努力，全縣轉(zhuǎn)向哈森和索耶，以協(xié)助評估和展示創(chuàng)新技術(shù)，這將使該設(shè)施達(dá)到脫氮以盡可能最有效的方式。雖然傳統(tǒng)的方法被認(rèn)為是一個全面的過程評估認(rèn)定支流的治療是一個很有前途的替代。 在這種方法中，一種新型的生物過程被稱為deammonification將被用于生物在BPWWTP去除總氮的約10％。 Deammonification是一個新興的工藝相比，去除可降低廢水處理的成本的許多設(shè)施，使約63％的減少的理論O 2的要求，一個大約100％還原的補(bǔ)充碳需求，以及顯著減少生物量的處理要求通過主流的活性污泥法。 進(jìn)行作為研究的一部分，一種經(jīng)濟(jì)評價表明，BPWWTP會觀察潛在節(jié)省約100萬美元，每年使用deammonification避免補(bǔ)充碳源和曝氣費(fèi)用。 技術(shù)替代與選擇 目前，有對相關(guān)設(shè)備進(jìn)行側(cè)流deammonification三個主要的技術(shù)選擇。 經(jīng)過仔細(xì)考慮現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)，妖™工藝被選定為試點(diǎn)的BPWWTP。妖™工藝采用序批式反應(yīng)器結(jié)構(gòu)，再加上水力旋流器，亞硝酸鹽氧化菌的選擇性浪費(fèi)和厭氧氧化細(xì)菌（厭氧氨氧化）的保留。厭氧氨氧化菌是deammonificiation過程背后的主要生物催化劑。 該反應(yīng)器是從濾液/ centrate平衡罐填充在批處理模式下運(yùn)行。曝氣接著進(jìn)行混合，然后沉淀。的流出物，然后從順序間歇反應(yīng)器傾析。每個周期（填，反應(yīng)，沉淀，退出）重復(fù)每天大約三倍。 惡魔試點(diǎn)及結(jié)果 哈森和索耶，與世界水務(wù)和拿騷縣的合作，試行妖™工藝在BPWWTP八月至2013年11月。 啟動該系統(tǒng)被實(shí)現(xiàn)的20天之內(nèi)，以滿足80％去除進(jìn)水氨，和這樣的性能高的水平下保持導(dǎo)頻的持續(xù)時間。此外，沒有補(bǔ)充的堿度或碳被要求，表明副流deammonification過程是可行的，經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的策略，在BPWWTP氮減少。 作為這一試點(diǎn)工作取得成功的結(jié)果，我們目前正在使用妖技術(shù)支流deammonification系統(tǒng)BPWWTP的全面設(shè)計。 未來的應(yīng)用 即使deammonification過程是一項(xiàng)新興技術(shù)，過程優(yōu)化的機(jī)會已經(jīng)被探討。由于灣園項(xiàng)目，哈森和索耶，在曼哈頓學(xué)院的研究人員合作的一部分，開發(fā)和利用的厭氧氨氧化專用活性測定。該測定中，追蹤期間，高和低活動期厭氧氨氧化活性，可以被應(yīng)用到其他deammonification系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行比較的結(jié)果，表示可用于直接監(jiān)測厭氧氨氧化菌的健康在deammonification過程簡單而有效的策略。這也為業(yè)界提供了對診斷和解決可能出現(xiàn)的deammonification系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)全面運(yùn)作過程不穩(wěn)定性的第一步。