Jan Vymazal,WEI Ting,ZHAO Ya-qian,et al.Counting the Roles of Plants in Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment[J].China Water & Wastewater,2021,37(2):25-30.
細(xì)數(shù)植物在人工濕地污水處理中的作用
- Title:
- Counting the Roles of Plants in Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment
- Keywords:
- constructed wetland; macrophytes; wastewater treatment
- 摘要:
- 天然的濕地植物在形態(tài)和解剖學(xué)上均能適應(yīng)氧含量較低的生態(tài)環(huán)境，因此，它們可用于人工濕地系統(tǒng)中處理污水。而人工濕地中的植物不僅將人工濕地與穩(wěn)定塘區(qū)分開，同時(shí)為污染物的去除創(chuàng)造適合的條件。人工濕地中的植物不僅能減弱強(qiáng)光與風(fēng)力對(duì)濕地的影響,為濕地基質(zhì)提供保溫作用,滿足根區(qū)微生物生長(zhǎng)對(duì)氧氣和其他營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分的需求,還能截留部分污染物預(yù)防濕地堵塞,并具有其特有的美學(xué)價(jià)值，在不同類型的人工濕地中發(fā)揮不同程度的作用。最常見的人工濕地植物有漂浮植物如鳳眼蓮、浮萍；沉水植物如狐尾藻屬、金魚藻屬；挺水植物如蘆葦、香蒲屬。而國(guó)內(nèi)人工濕地除了以上這些常見植物外，還常用一些其他的沉水植物，比如蘆竹、再力花、風(fēng)車草以及美人蕉等。
- Abstract:
- Wetland plants can morphologically and anatomically adapt to the ecological environment with reduced oxygen conditions and therefore, they can be used in constructed wetlands (CWs) for wastewater treatment. The presence of plants distinguishes CWs from stabilization ponds where plants are not intentionally planted. The plants are important for the treatment process as they provide many roles and create suitable conditions for removal of pollution. The most important roles include insulation of the filtration bed, light and wind attenuation, provision of oxygen to the rhizosphere, nutrient uptake, clogging prevention and aesthetic value. These roles are applicable to various extents depending on the type of CWs. The most common plants used in CWs are free floating Eichhornia crassipes and Lemna spp., submerged Myriophyllum spp. and Ceratophyllum spp., and emergent Phragmites australis and Typha spp. These plants are used in China but other emergent species such as Arundo donax, Thalia dealbata, Cyperus alternifolius or Canna indica are also commonly used.
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