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LI Shuang,WANG Xiang-yang,HAO Xiao-di,et al.Research and Application of Life Cycle Assessment in Wastewater Treatment[J].China Water & Wastewater,2020,36(18):32-37.
全生命周期評(píng)價(jià)在污水處理中的研究與應(yīng)用
- Title:
- Research and Application of Life Cycle Assessment in Wastewater Treatment
- 關(guān)鍵詞:
- 污水處理; 全生命周期評(píng)價(jià); 環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)
- 摘要:
- 污水處理在改善水環(huán)境的同時(shí)也會(huì)因污染物排放及能源、資源投入而產(chǎn)生其他負(fù)面環(huán)境影響。全生命周期評(píng)價(jià)（LCA）作為一種可以全面評(píng)估污水處理總環(huán)境影響及其影響減量方法的工具在國(guó)內(nèi)外已得到相當(dāng)應(yīng)用。然而，不盡完善與不盡合理的目標(biāo)范圍界定、評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)選擇會(huì)導(dǎo)致評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果客觀性有失公允，阻礙LCA在污水處理領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展空間。此外，LCA中缺失資源、能源回收模塊會(huì)使得傳統(tǒng)污水處理技術(shù)背負(fù)它對(duì)總環(huán)境影響是一種 “污染源”之名。因此，需要審視LCA評(píng)價(jià)理論與方法的發(fā)展歷程,剖析國(guó)內(nèi)外污水處理LCA評(píng)價(jià)的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀,指出我國(guó)現(xiàn)有LCA評(píng)價(jià)污水處理的局限,概括污水處理LCA評(píng)價(jià)未來(lái)發(fā)展方向,期望藉此推動(dòng)LCA評(píng)價(jià)在我國(guó)的廣泛應(yīng)用，實(shí)現(xiàn)污水處理“凈-零”環(huán)境效益的遠(yuǎn)大目標(biāo)。
- Abstract:
- Wastewater treatment can definitely improve the water environment and also cause other negative environmental impacts due to pollutant discharge and energy/resource input. As a tool comprehensively assessing the total environmental impact and also potentially alleviating the impact, life cycle assessment (LCA) has been widely used in wastewater treatment at home and abroad. However, imperfect and unreasonable target scoping and selection of evaluation parameters could result in unfair evaluation results and hinder LCA development space in sewage treatment field. Moreover, the lack of resource/energy recovery module in LCA would always make traditional sewage treatment technology undertake the negative name of its total environmental impact as a “pollution source”. Therefore, it is necessary to review the LCA progress of assessment theories and methods, to analyze the application status of LCA at home and abroad, to point out the LCA questions applied in China, and to summary the future development direction of LCA in wastewater treatment. Based on the review, it is expected to promote the wide application of LCA in China to realize the goal of “net-zero” environmental impact of wastewater treatment.
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